Lineage

The Legendary Monk and Martial Arts Pioneer:

Bodhidharma was born as the third son of King Sugandha in Southern India, belonging to the Kshatriya or warrior caste. He spent his early years in Conjeeveram, a small Buddhist province located south of Madras (modern-day Chennai). Following the death of his Buddhist teacher, Bodhidharma embarked on a journey to China, a pivotal chapter in his life that has been recounted with varying details across historical and cultural texts.

Tradition places Bodhidharma’s arrival in China during the Sung Dynasty around 500 A.D. His time in China is most closely associated with the Shaolin Temple Monastery in Henan Province, nestled within the Song Shan Mountains. Upon witnessing the frail and weakened condition of the monks there, Bodhidharma introduced a series of physical exercises designed to strengthen both body and mind. These exercises not only enhanced the monks’ health and vitality but also laid the groundwork for what would later evolve into some of the foundational elements of martial arts.

Many texts exploring Chuan Fa and its Okinawan counterpart, Karate, highlight the connection between Bodhidharma’s teachings and the development of these martial disciplines. However, historical evidence suggests that martial arts practices predate Bodhidharma’s time, with cave drawings and temple statues dating back to 500 B.C., depicting combat stances and techniques.

The specific physical regimen introduced by Bodhidharma at Shaolin became known as the "Lohan Shou" or "18 Hands of Lohan." Mastery of these movements required relentless practice, with repeated drills performed in multiple directions. This rigorous physical discipline, combined with focused energy and daily repetition, fostered not only excellent health but also heightened mental awareness. Bodhidharma emphasized the integration of breathing exercises and meditation alongside these physical drills, reinforcing the balance of mind and body in self-defense practices. Given his background in the Kshatriya warrior caste, Bodhidharma would have been well-versed in a variety of weaponless combat techniques, many of which he likely shared with the monks at Shaolin.

Several decades after Bodhidharma’s death, a Chuan Fa master named Ch’uch Yuan Shangjen documented the existence of Bodhidharma’s 18 Hands exercises. Building upon this foundation, Ch’uch Yuan Shangjen expanded the system by integrating techniques from his own martial style. He is credited with increasing the original 18 hand and foot positions to 72 movements, and eventually to a comprehensive set of 170 offensive and defensive techniques.

Bodhidharma’s legacy transcends his contributions to martial arts; he is also revered as the founder of Zen Buddhism in China, influencing not only physical practices but also spiritual and philosophical traditions across East Asia.

The Forefather of Karate Philosophy:

Peichin Takahara (1683-1760) is revered as one of the foundational figures in the early development of Okinawan martial arts, particularly for his philosophical contributions to what would eventually evolve into Karate. Recognized as a great warrior, Takahara's influence extended beyond mere technique, delving into the deeper ethical and spiritual dimensions of martial arts practice.

Takahara is credited with first articulating the concept of "Do" (道), often translated as "The Way." This concept emphasizes that martial arts is not just a system of combat but a path of personal growth and moral discipline. According to Takahara, the core characteristics of "The Way" are Humility, Love, and Compassion. These virtues were seen as essential for any martial artist, guiding not only their practice but also their conduct in daily life.

Takahara also introduced the laws of "Katsu", which require a comprehensive understanding of both the forms (kata) and techniques of Karate. Mastery, in his view, was not limited to physical prowess but demanded an in-depth grasp of the art's philosophical and ethical principles.

Another cornerstone of Takahara's teachings was "Fo", representing the seriousness and devotion required in martial arts. He believed this dedication should be evident not only in personal practice but also during times of conflict or war. His teachings emphasized that the martial path was as much about internal discipline and moral fortitude as it was about external self-defense.

Takahara's philosophies laid the groundwork for future martial arts masters, influencing the evolution of Okinawan Karate into a comprehensive discipline that integrates physical technique, mental focus, and ethical conduct. His legacy continues to resonate in modern martial arts, where the balance of strength and compassion remains a guiding principle.

The Chinese Master Who Influenced Okinawan Martial Arts:

Kusanku, also known as Kung Syanag or Koso Kun, was a renowned Kempo master and military envoy from China in the 1700s. Interestingly, Kusanku is not a personal name but a Chinese diplomatic title, reflecting his role and status. He was highly skilled in fighting techniques and played a pivotal role in introducing Chinese martial arts to Okinawa.

In 1756, Kusanku was sent to Okinawa as a military envoy. His arrival marked a significant point in the development of Okinawan martial arts, as he began sharing his extensive knowledge of Chinese Kempo. Following the death of Peichin Takahara—who had been the first instructor of Kanga Sakagawa—Kusanku took Sakagawa under his wing. By 1761, Kusanku was actively instructing Sakagawa in martial arts, significantly influencing his development.

Although Kusanku never formally created the kata that bears his name, his followers compiled and refined the techniques they believed were the most effective from his teachings. This synthesis of techniques led to the creation of the Kusanku kata, which became a cornerstone in Okinawan martial arts.

There are two primary lineages of the Kusanku kata:

1. Chatan Yara no Kusanku

2. Sakugawa no Kusanku

The Sakugawa no Kusanku lineage stems directly from the teachings Kusanku imparted to Kanga Sakagawa. Sakagawa's instruction, in turn, influenced Soken "Bushi" Matsumura, who learned this form from Sakagawa. Over time, this lineage evolved, leading to two distinct variations of the kata:

• Kusanku Sho: The shorter version of the kata, often emphasizing quick movements and compact techniques.

• Kusanku Dai: The larger version, featuring more complex and extensive sequences.

Kusanku’s contributions to Okinawan martial arts laid the groundwork for many of the techniques and forms practiced in Karate today. His influence is evident in the continued practice of the Kusanku kata, which embodies both the philosophy and technical precision of his teachings. Through the lineage of his students, Kusanku's legacy remains a vital part of martial arts history.

The Father of Okinawan Karate

Kanga Sakugawa (1733–1815), also known as Satunuku Sakugawa, is widely regarded as a foundational figure in the development of Shuri-te, one of the three main styles of Okinawan martial arts that eventually contributed to the evolution of modern Karate.

Sakugawa’s martial journey began after a personal tragedy—his father was beaten to death by bandits. Determined to master the fighting arts, the young Sakugawa immersed himself in martial training. He became a student of Peichin Takahara, a revered martial artist and philosopher. It was Takahara who gave Sakugawa the nickname "Tode," meaning "Chinese Hand," reflecting his deepening engagement with martial arts influenced by Chinese traditions.

Upon Takahara’s deathbed, Sakugawa received his teacher’s blessing to further his training under the Chinese military envoy and Kempo master Kusanku. There is a well-known story that illustrates the depth of Kusanku’s teachings: while standing on a bridge, Sakugawa attempted to sneak up on Kusanku and push him into the water. However, Kusanku quickly grabbed Sakugawa’s wrist and remarked, “When you came to me, it was to teach you not only how but also why in martial arts.” This lesson emphasized the importance of understanding the philosophy and purpose behind martial techniques, not just the physical movements.

Sakugawa followed Kusanku to China, where he remained for six years studying the ancient Chinese art of Ch’uan Fa. It is also believed that during this time, he studied the Okinawan Bubishi, an influential martial arts manual that contained a wealth of information on fighting techniques, philosophy, and traditional medicine.

Upon returning to Okinawa, Sakugawa continued to refine and teach the martial arts knowledge he had acquired. His contributions were so significant that he was bestowed the title "Satunuku," a mark of respect for his mastery and dedication. Sakugawa’s teachings laid the groundwork for Shuri-te, which later evolved into various styles of Karate, including Shotokan and Shorin-ryu.

Sakugawa’s legacy is particularly influential through his most famous student, Soken "Bushi" Matsumura, who further developed and formalized many of the techniques passed down from both Kusanku and Sakugawa. Today, Kanga Sakugawa is honored as a pioneer of Okinawan Karate, whose commitment to both the physical and philosophical aspects of martial arts continues to inspire practitioners worldwide.

The Founder of Orthodox Shorin-Ryu:

Sokon (Bushi) Matsumura (1809-1901) stands as one of the most influential figures in the history of Okinawan martial arts. Born into a distinguished Shizoku (samurai-class) family in Yamagawa Village, Shuri, Matsumura's legacy is deeply woven into the fabric of modern Karate, particularly through his development of Shuri-te, which later evolved into Shorin-Ryu.

As a child, Matsumura lived with Kanga (Tode) Sakugawa (1733-1815), who is often referred to as the "Father of Okinawan Karate." Under Sakugawa's mentorship, Matsumura was introduced to the foundational principles of "Te" (the indigenous fighting techniques of Okinawa). In addition to his martial training, Matsumura distinguished himself as a scholar and a noted calligrapher, reflecting the well-rounded education typical of his class.

As he grew older, Matsumura served as a bodyguard for the last three Ryukyu Kings: King Shoko, King Sho Iku, and King Sho Tai. His role as a royal bodyguard provided him with opportunities to travel and broaden his martial knowledge. He made two significant diplomatic visits to Fuchou (Fuzhou) in China and Satsuma in Japan, where he studied various martial disciplines.

While in Fuchou, Matsumura visited several Chinese boxing schools and trained under military attaches such as Anson and Iwah. He also took the opportunity to study at the Fukien Shaolin Temple, further expanding his knowledge of Ch’uan Fa (Chinese boxing). These experiences profoundly influenced his approach to martial arts, allowing him to blend Chinese techniques with traditional Okinawan practices.

During his time in Satsuma, Matsumura was initiated into the Jigen-Ryu sword-fighting system, one of the most prominent and respected kenjutsu (swordsmanship) styles in Japan. His mastery of Jigen-Ryu complemented his unarmed combat skills, enhancing his understanding of strategy, timing, and precision.

Upon integrating his knowledge of Okinawan Te and Chinese Ch’uan Fa, Matsumura developed a comprehensive and organized martial arts system known as Shuri-te. This system became the foundation for all Shorin-Ryu styles, earning Matsumura the title of "Founder of Orthodox Shorin-Ryu." His approach emphasized natural movements, quick footwork, and powerful, efficient techniques, all hallmarks of Shorin-Ryu today.

After retiring from his role as a bodyguard, Matsumura continued to teach martial arts, offering instruction in an open area in Sakiyama Village, Shuri. His teachings attracted many students, some of whom would go on to become prominent martial artists themselves, further spreading his influence throughout Okinawa and beyond.

Sokon (Bushi) Matsumura’s contributions to martial arts are unparalleled, blending tradition with innovation to create a system that remains vital in the world of Karate to this day. His legacy lives on in the countless practitioners who continue to study and teach the principles he established.

The Father of Modern Karate:

Anko (Yatsume) Itosu (1832-1916) is celebrated as one of the most influential figures in the evolution of modern Karate, particularly the Shorin-Ryu (Kobayashi) style. Born in Yamagawa Village, Shuri, Itosu began his martial arts training under Sokon (Bushi) Matsumura, absorbing the foundational teachings of Shuri-te from an early age.

In addition to his martial prowess, Itosu was highly educated and well-versed in both Chinese and Japanese classics. His intellectual acumen led him to serve as the secretary (scribe) to the last Ryukyu King, Sho Tai, a position he held until the monarchy's dissolution in 1879.

Over the next two decades, Itosu continued to refine his martial skills. He trained under Shinpan Shiroma (Gusukuma) of Shito-Ryu from Tomari Village and learned from a Chinese martial artist residing in Tomari. These diverse influences allowed Itosu to blend different techniques and philosophies into a cohesive system.

One of Itosu’s most significant contributions was the simplification and modernization of traditional kata. He modified Matsumura’s Nahanchi kata, streamlined techniques, and introduced innovations such as the corkscrew punch, which remains a hallmark of modern Karate. He also created the Pinan katas:

• Pinan Shodan

• Pinan Nidan

• Pinan Sandan

• Pinan Yondan

• Pinan Godan

These forms were designed to simplify complex movements, making Karate more accessible to beginners and easier to teach in group settings. The Pinan katas were later adopted and adapted by Gichin Funakoshi into the Heian katas for Shotokan Karate in Tokyo. Some theories suggest that Itosu developed these katas through analysis of the Kusanku Dai kata or by modifying the Chiang Nan kata he learned from a Chinese instructor in Okinawa.

In April 1901, Itosu introduced Karate to Okinawan elementary schools as a form of physical education. Recognizing that traditional Karate techniques were too dangerous for children, he removed the more hazardous movements and simplified sparring into basic punching and blocking techniques. This adaptation made Karate suitable for the educational system and laid the foundation for its widespread adoption.

In 1908, Itosu formalized his vision by sending a letter to the Education Department, advocating for Karate’s inclusion in all Okinawan schools. His efforts eventually influenced the introduction of Karate to the Japanese mainland, where it played an essential role in the militaristic indoctrination programs of the time. During this period, Karate was still commonly referred to as Tode (Chinese hand).

Among Itosu’s most notable students were:

• Gichin Funakoshi (founder of Shotokan Karate)

• Kenwa Mabuni (founder of Goju-Ryu Karate)

These students carried Itosu’s teachings beyond Okinawa, spreading Karate throughout Japan and eventually the world.

Itosu’s version of Karate, known as Kobayashi Shorin-Ryu, used Chinese characters that translated to "small forest" (Kobayashi) to differentiate it from Shaolin (Shorin) influences. This distinction emphasized the unique Okinawan adaptation of Chinese martial arts, which blended local traditions with foreign techniques.

Through his dedication to both tradition and innovation, Anko Itosu is rightfully considered the "Father of Modern Karate." His efforts to simplify, standardize, and promote Karate have left a lasting legacy that continues to shape the martial arts world today.

The Founder of Shito-Ryu Karate:

Kenwa Mabuni (1889-1952) is recognized as the founder of Shito-Ryu Karate, one of the major traditional styles of Japanese karate. Born into a samurai family in Shuri, Okinawa, Mabuni’s lineage and upbringing instilled in him a deep sense of discipline and dedication, which he carried into his martial arts journey.

On Okinawa, there are two primary branches of Shito-Ryu: one established by Shinpan Shiroma and the other by Kenwa Mabuni. The two were close friends and fellow disciples of Karate, having trained together from the age of 13. Both studied under the guidance of two of Okinawa’s most prominent martial arts masters: Anko Itosu and Kanryo Higaonna.

Under Anko Itosu, Mabuni learned the Shuri-te tradition, focusing on linear, powerful movements and kata such as Pinan and Naihanchi. From Kanryo Higaonna, he absorbed the Naha-te tradition, emphasizing close-quarter combat, breathing techniques, and forms like Sanchin. Mabuni’s training didn’t stop there; he also briefly studied with a Gokenkai, a Chinese White Crane expert residing in Okinawa, further diversifying his martial arts knowledge.

Later, Mabuni deepened his studies under Chojun Miyagi, the founder of Goju-Ryu Karate. His devotion to Miyagi was profound—after Miyagi’s death, it is said that Mabuni honored his teacher by practicing kata at Miyagi’s graveside for an entire year.

Seeking to spread Karate beyond Okinawa, Mabuni moved to Osaka, Japan, where he became one of the first Okinawan masters to introduce Karate to the Japanese mainland. Initially, he named his style Hanko-Ryu, meaning "Half-Hand Style". However, in 1937, to honor his two primary teachers, Mabuni renamed his style Shito-Ryu. The name is a combination of the Chinese characters "Shi" (derived from "Ito" in Itosu) and "To" (from "Higa" in Higaonna), symbolizing the fusion of Shuri-te and Naha-te traditions.

Mabuni possessed an extensive understanding of kata due to his comprehensive studies under multiple masters. His dedication to preserving and refining these forms led to the creation and formalization of many katas within the Shito-Ryu system. He is also credited with the development of the kata Shinpa, reflecting his innovative contributions to Karate.

Through his teachings in Osaka and his efforts to promote Karate throughout Japan, Kenwa Mabuni played a pivotal role in establishing Karate as a recognized martial art on the Japanese mainland. His blend of Shuri-te precision and Naha-te fluidity created a versatile system that continues to influence martial artists worldwide.

Mabuni’s legacy lives on in the Shito-Ryu style, a testament to his deep respect for tradition, his innovative spirit, and his lifelong dedication to the martial arts.

The Founder of Shinpu-Ren: Yon Pon Gun

Yon Pon Gun, a Chinese-Korean martial artist, was born in Sinuiju, Korea, in 1920 to a wealthy family. His martial arts journey began with training in traditional Chinese Chuan Fa before expanding into Okinawan and Japanese styles.

As a young man, Yon traveled to Osaka, Japan, where he studied Shito-Ryu Karate under its founder, Kenwa Mabuni, during his college years. He lived with Mabuni for approximately one year, deepening his understanding of Okinawan Te and integrating its principles with his Chinese martial arts foundation.

At the age of 17, Yon was sent by his family to the Shindokai religious temple for spiritual development and higher education. While there, in Fukuoka, Japan, he trained in Okinawan Shidokan under Miyahara and his students. Drawing from his diverse martial arts background, Yon synthesized key elements from these disciplines to develop his own system, initially called Shindo-Ren. Upon returning to Korea, he adapted the system’s name to Chang Mu Kwan to appeal to the Koreans.

Following World War II, the American government imposed a temporary ban on martial arts practice in Japan from 1945 to 1948 to suppress militaristic influences. Despite this restriction, Yon continued his training in secret, meeting with Mabuni and other Okinawan practitioners in Osaka. During school breaks, he returned to Sinuiju, where he assisted with his family’s business and reconnected with his original Chuan Fa instructor.

One of Yon Pon Gun’s most influential students, Yoichi Nakachi, played a crucial role in preserving and expanding the Shinpu-Ren system. After Yon’s mysterious disappearance, Nakachi took leadership of the Shinpu-Ren group in Kushimoto, Japan. In 1959, he introduced the system to the United States, ensuring that his teacher’s legacy endured.

Yon Pon Gun’s contributions to martial arts exemplify the rich cross-cultural exchange between Chinese, Korean, and Okinawan fighting traditions. His innovative blending of styles laid the foundation for Shinpu-Ren, a martial arts system that continues to inspire and influence practitioners worldwide.

The Innovator of Butokukan Karate:

Soke Yoichi Nakachi (1932-1998) was a pivotal figure in the evolution of the Shinpu-Ren martial arts system and the founder of Butokukan Karate. His contributions helped bridge traditional Okinawan martial arts with modern practices, both in Japan and the United States.

In the early 1940s, Yon Pon Gun took over a martial arts group near Kushimoto, Japan, known as Shimpu-Ren (later referred to as Shinpu-Ren). Yoichi Nakachi became one of Shinpu-Ren's most dedicated students. By the age of 16, Nakachi had achieved the rank of Nidan (2nd-degree black belt), a testament to his skill and commitment.

In 1950, Yon Pon Gun and other Korean instructors left Kushimoto, and Sensei Nakachi assumed leadership of the Shinpu-Ren group. Under his guidance, the system continued to grow, blending the rigorous techniques of Okinawan Te with influences from Korean martial arts.

In 1959, Nakachi moved to Seattle, Washington, on a scholarship to attend the University of Washington. While studying, he began teaching Shinpu-Ren in the university district, quickly attracting a dedicated group of students. By 1961, Nakachi transferred to Olympic College in Bremerton, Washington. Many of his Seattle students followed him, and he expanded his teachings to the downtown YMCA and a local health club. His reputation as a skilled martial artist grew, and Olympic College requested that he teach classes there as well.

During his time in Seattle, Nakachi is said to have met with the legendary martial artist Bruce Lee, engaging in meaningful exchanges about martial arts philosophies and techniques. This interaction further influenced Nakachi's approach to martial arts, emphasizing both tradition and innovation.

In 1963, Master Nakachi made a significant shift by renaming the Shinpu-Ren system to Butokukan. Along with the name change, he redesigned the crest and modified the kata (forms). This rebranding was a tribute to his former school in Kyoto, Japan. Nakachi softened the Butokukan system, incorporating more flowing techniques from Chinese martial arts. This adjustment balanced the hard, linear styles of traditional Okinawan Karate with softer, circular movements, making the system more accessible and less brutal for broader audiences.

In 1965, Nakachi returned to Japan, where he re-established his teachings and promoted several students. However, after moving to Tokyo, many of his students ceased active training under him. Nakachi transitioned to a full-time role as a swim instructor in Tokyo and devoted himself to caring for his ill wife.

Nakachi never returned to the United States. He spent his final years in Kushimoto, the village of his childhood, where he passed away in October 1998. His legacy lives on through the Butokukan system and the many students he inspired, both in Japan and America.

Soke Yoichi Nakachi’s life and work exemplify the fusion of martial traditions, blending Okinawan, Korean, and Chinese influences into a comprehensive system that continues to shape modern martial arts practices.

Ted Kozikowski's journey in martial arts began outside his naval barracks in Guam, where he was first introduced to the Okinawan style of Shorin Ryu. His dedication led him to further training in ShinPu-Ren under Soke Robert Hill at the naval torpedo station in Keyport, WA, in February 1965. During his time in the Seattle dojo, Hill introduced Kozikowski to Nakachi, who then assigned Sensei George Williams as his instructor at the Seattle YMCA. Under their guidance, he refined his kata and deepened his martial arts knowledge.

With over 60 years of martial arts training, Kozikowski has made a lasting impact on the martial arts community. Over the years, he had the opportunity to train with Master Yoon and later taught ROK soldiers on the beaches of the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, in 1967-68.

A true martial arts historian, Kozikowski played a crucial role in reintroducing key kata such as Kusanku Dai and Tawata Passai and integrating 36 Shito Ryu kata into the Shindo-Ren system—a significant contribution widely recognized today. He also mastered 54 original Okinawan Te kata, making him a living encyclopedia of martial arts history and culture.

As an instructor, Kozikowski mentored Tony Sandoval and Bill Stuart, both of whom went on to become influential figures in martial arts. In 1970, after being transferred and employed by a financial institution in Hammond, IN, he entrusted his school’s operation to Sandoval and Stuart. They continued to expand the Butokukan teachings at the YMCA in Pueblo, Colorado, ensuring its legacy endured.

Kozikowski's pioneering efforts laid the foundation for the spread of Shindo-Ren Karate beyond Washington State, influencing countless students across the U.S. and abroad. Having applied his martial arts skills in both combat and civilian life, his expertise remains highly regarded. Today, Shindo-Ren black belts are scattered worldwide, a testament to his lasting influence.

Now residing in Colorado Springs with his wife, Kozikowski remains dedicated to the ShinPu-Ren System, making annual visits to share his historical knowledge, mentor black belts, and continue shaping the future of martial arts. He also owns and operates a dojo at the Salvation Army Church in Fountain Valley, just south of Colorado Springs, where he actively teaches and preserves the rich traditions of Shindo-Ren Karate.

Grandmaster of Butokukan Karate:

Soke Robert Hill is the esteemed Grandmaster of the Butokukan martial arts system, a title bestowed upon him by Soke Yoichi Nakachi, his mentor, during the 1960s. Hill trained extensively under Master Nakachi in Seattle, Washington, absorbing the foundational principles of Butokukan Karate and contributing to its growth and evolution in the United States.

When Master Nakachi returned to Japan in 1965, he entrusted Robert Hill with the continuation and leadership of the Butokukan system. Hill was awarded his Nidan (2nd-degree black belt) and took over as the system’s head instructor. Under his guidance, Butokukan flourished, expanding both its curriculum and its reach.

Soke Robert Hill played a pivotal role in shaping the next generation of martial artists. He was the Sensei of Anthony Sandoval, who later became the instructor of Hanshi Vance Steele, further solidifying Hill’s influence within the martial arts community.

Over the years, Mr. Robert Hill has established numerous dojos across Washington State and beyond, spreading the teachings of Butokukan Karate throughout the country. Despite his extensive responsibilities as a grandmaster, Hill continues to actively train students at his primary dojo in Bremerton, Washington. His dedication to preserving and evolving the Butokukan system ensures that the legacy of his teacher, Soke Yoichi Nakachi, and the principles of Shinpu-Ren live on.

Through his leadership, Soke Robert Hill has left an indelible mark on the martial arts world, fostering a community of practitioners committed to the principles of discipline, respect, and continuous learning.

Martial Artist and Law Enforcement Leader

Bill Stuart was a dedicated martial artist and co-instructor of Shinpu-Ren alongside Tony Sandoval in Pueblo, Colorado. Together, they continued the legacy of Ted Kozikowski, who had founded the first karate school in Pueblo. Stuart played a vital role in teaching and promoting Shinpu-Ren, contributing to the growth of martial arts in the region.

Beyond his contributions to martial arts, Bill Stuart had a distinguished career in law enforcement. He served as a police officer and later as a detective for the Pueblo Police Department, eventually retiring as a Captain. His experience in law enforcement provided a unique perspective on the practical application of martial arts techniques, particularly in the areas of self-defense and situational awareness.

Bill Stuart was instrumental in inspiring and training Vance Steele and Vince Steele, helping to shape their martial arts journeys. His dual roles as a martial artist and law enforcement officer exemplified his commitment to discipline, leadership, and community service.

Through his dedication to both Shinpu-Ren and public service, Bill Stuart left a lasting impact on the martial arts community and the people of Pueblo, Colorado.

Dedicated Instructor and Law Enforcement Professional

Sensei Tony Sandoval began his martial arts journey under the guidance of Ted Kozikowski in Pueblo, Colorado. After Kozikowski stepped away from teaching in 1970, Sandoval continued his training under Soke Robert Hill, the Grandmaster of the Butokukan system. Through rigorous training and dedication, Sandoval became a prominent figure in the Shinpu-Ren martial arts community.

As a primary instructor, Tony Sandoval played a significant role in shaping the martial arts paths of Vance Steele and Vince Steele. Known for his demanding instruction style, Sandoval led rigorous classes that emphasized discipline, precision, and perseverance.

Sandoval was also committed to expanding his students' knowledge beyond the traditional Shinpu-Ren curriculum. He frequently invited black belts from other martial arts systems to conduct seminars for his students. Among these guest instructors were Steve Fisher, Art Saap, and Chuck Martinez, who brought diverse perspectives and techniques to Sandoval's dojo.

In addition to his contributions to martial arts, Tony Sandoval served as a police officer for the Pueblo Police Department. He took on the additional responsibility of teaching self-defense techniques to fellow officers, blending his martial arts expertise with practical law enforcement applications.

Around 1989, Sandoval retired from the police department and relocated to Alaska. His legacy as a dedicated instructor and law enforcement professional continues to influence the martial arts community in Pueblo and beyond.

Head of ShinPu-Ren

Hanshi Vance Steele, born on March 3, 1956 in Pueblo, Colorado, is a 10th-degree black belt and the current Head of ShinPu-Ren. Despite a happy childhood, Steele faced bullying in his early teens, which fueled his determination to learn self-defense. At 15, he began training under Sensei Anthony Sandoval and Mr. Bill Stuart at the local YMCA, marking the start of a lifelong martial arts journey.

Initially trained in Shinpu-Ren, Steele explored various disciplines, including judo, flying kicks, and ground fighting. After earning his black belt, he and his brother Vince opened their own dojo. Steele refined Shinpu-Ren back into a powerful, versatile system, inviting masters like Steven Fisher (Shotokan, Shorin-Ryu) and Art Sapp (Taekwondo) to introduce new techniques.

Throughout his career, Steele trained and competed with martial arts legends, emphasizing collaboration over rivalry. In 1981, while attending college in Oregon, he founded the Christian Martial Arts Association, later renamed Warriors for the Lord, using martial arts to mentor over 450 troubled youth with a 95% success rate. His street ministry continues today, reflecting his deep Christian faith.

Steele trained in Tai Chi Chuan Kung Fu, Muay Thai, and Wing Chun, and studied weapons under Masters Tadashi Yamashita and Fumio Demura. From 1971 to 1998, he competed in various formats, facing opponents like Benny "The Jet" Urquidez and students of Bill Wallace. Steele also served as a trainer for the Oregon Department of Corrections, the Police Academy, S.W.A.T, and Marines, teaching self-defense and tactical skills.

In 1998, Steele retired from competition due to brain damage sustained from over 750 full-contact fights and years of rigorous training. After a sabbatical, he returned to martial arts, inspired by a student, John Kraemer. Today, Hanshi Steele leads an active life, participating in charity cycling races and providing steadfast support to ShinPu-Ren schools. His dedication to martial arts and faith inspires students worldwide.

Hanshi Steele believes, "God put me here to be a servant to all, to defend the weak and the weary. Once a warrior, always a warrior. My students bless me with their dedication and respect, and I hope they carry that warrior spirit into the world in service to the Lord."

9th Degree ShinPu-Ren Leader and Founder of Morningstar Karate

Hanshi John Kraemer, born on April 3, 1942, in Irvington, New Jersey, had a challenging youth but turned his life around after moving to California at 17. He earned his Associate Arts degree in electronics before enlisting in the U.S. Air Force in 1962, where he served until 1966. After leaving the military, he pursued a career in electrical wholesale and later relocated to Oregon, where he met Hanshi Vance Steele.

In 1980, Hanshi Vance introduced Kraemer to ShinPu-Ren Karate. Training was intense, often in garages, parks, and any available space. By 1983, Kraemer earned his black belt and started teaching in Montesano, Washington, later expanding to Aberdeen and several other locations. Over the years, he raised seven children while managing multiple dojos.

Hanshi Kraemer embraced cross-training, earning ranks in Aikido and Tae Kwon Do and incorporating techniques from Kempo, Ju Jitsu, and Hapkido. He became proficient in weapons like the Kama, Sai, Nunchaku, Tonfa, Bo, and sword. His tournament career spanned 18 years, with his retirement from competition around 2000.

Dedicated to teaching all students, Hanshi worked with individuals facing physical and cognitive challenges. He has taught over 6,000 students and promoted more than 33 black belts. To ensure continued growth, he integrated Goju-Ryu kata into advanced training, emphasizing that martial arts is a lifelong journey.

In 2004, Hanshi Kraemer was inducted into the Pacific Northwest Hall of Fame and received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Northwest Martial Arts Association. A member of the Christian Martial Arts Association, he blends spirituality with martial discipline, guiding students in personal growth, self-control, and resilience.

Currently, Hanshi Kraemer teaches in Aberdeen and Ocean Shores, Washington, and provides leadership across ShinPu-Ren schools. His goal is to prepare youth for life's challenges, fostering both physical and mental strength while supporting the next generation of instructors.

"He doesn't break people. He emphasizes making it your own personal thing. It's a physical challenge; it's a mental challenge. He would make you challenge yourself."
— Sandy Coleman, Second Degree Black Belt

Morningstar Karate of Wickenburg a ShinPu-Ren Martial Arts School:

Sensei Drake N. Sass is a respected martial artist and the founder of Morningstar Karate of Wickenburg, Arizona Shinpu-Ren Martial Arts School. His journey in martial arts began under the mentorship of Hanshi John Kraemer at the renowned Morningstar Karate in Aberdeen, Washington. Through rigorous training and dedication, Mr. Sass advanced to the rank of first-degree black belt on May 12, 1995.

Sensei Sass's influence extends beyond his own accomplishments. He holds the distinction of being the first karate instructor for the entire Morris family, who have since made significant contributions to the martial arts community themselves. His teaching emphasized the core values of discipline, respect, and continuous self-improvement, leaving a lasting impact on his students.

In 2001, after years of dedication to Shinpu-Ren Karate, Sensei Sass decided to broaden his martial arts knowledge by transitioning to the Seito Matsumura Shorin Ryu system. This shift reflected his ongoing commitment to martial arts growth, seeking to integrate new techniques and philosophies into his practice. While he ceased teaching Shinpu-Ren Karate, his contributions to the system in Wickenburg continue to be remembered and respected.

Sensei Sass's legacy lies in his ability to inspire students, laying a foundation for martial arts excellence in Wickenburg, Arizona, and influencing future generations through his dedication to both Shinpu-Ren and Shorin Ryu.

Founder of Shinpu-Ren Family Karate 1998

Hanshi Gary Morris, born in 1956 in Greenville, Mississippi, was raised on Air Force bases in the U.S. and England, as his father was a jet fighter instructor pilot. His early years were filled with hard work, helping on the farm, running a custom hay farming business by 13, and serving as a construction foreman at 15. He also earned his student pilot license at 13, flying everything from a 1946 Luscombe to an Air Force T-34.

His introduction to martial arts began with Judo in Lakenheath, England at age seven. Throughout middle school and high school, he competed in wrestling and tennis, later taking up amateur light heavyweight boxing. Known for brawling and street fighting in his younger years, martial arts provided him with a more constructive outlet.

In 1996, Hanshi Gary began training in Shinpu-Ren under Sensei Drake Sass in Wickenburg, Arizona, initially enrolling his children but soon immersing himself fully in the art. He quickly advanced, becoming Sempai and assisting in teaching three classes a day, six days a week. By 1998, he was permitted to open his own dojo, focusing on deep analysis of kata, bunkai, and martial arts mechanics.

In addition to Shinpu-Ren, Hanshi Gary studied Moo Duk Kwan Taekwondo, Greco-Roman wrestling, Uechi Ryu, and Shotokan Karate. His commitment earned him Instructor of the Year awards in 2000 and 2001. In 2003, he opened a second dojo in Prescott, Arizona, producing multiple world champions and accomplished students.

As the Wickenburg school shifted away from Shinpu-Ren, Hanshi Gary parted ways with Mr. Sass and continued expanding his knowledge under masters like Kyoshi Raphael Merle (Shuri Ryu), Sifu Glen Abresci (Kemscrimadoh), and Grand Master Sterling Johnson (pressure points). Hanshi Gary currently teaches traditional karate classes in Prescott Valley, Arizona, supported by a team of Black Belt and Jr. Black Belt instructors.

Hanshi Gary's loyalty to Shinpu-Ren is fueled by the mentorship of Hanshi Vance Steele and Hanshi John Kraemer, whose support and dedication inspired him. While he aims to grow the school, his true passion lies in seeing his students excel, often saying, "You students are my report card. Seeing you succeed is all the reward I need." Martial arts have profoundly transformed Hanshi Gary, making him a happier, calmer, and more compassionate individual. His training and leadership continue under the guidance of Hanshi Steele and Hanshi Kraemer.

7th Degree Black Belt and Leader of Shinpu-Ren Family Karate

Shihan Alex Morris, born in 1988 in Salt Lake City, Utah, moved with his family to Congress, Arizona at the age of two. An active child with natural athletic talent, Alex began his martial arts training at seven under Sensei Drake Sass in Wickenburg, AZ. His quick learning and dedication made him a standout student, though his instructors ensured he met all training requirements before promotions. By eleven, he earned his Jr. Black Belt, and at sixteen, Hanshi John Kraemer promoted him to 3rd Dan, recognizing his dedication and skill.

In 1998, the Morris family opened their first dojo, with Alex and his father, Hanshi Gary Morris, teaching together after previously training at Morningstar Schools. Alex balanced his own training while dedicating 12 hours a week to teaching. After graduating from Prescott High School in 2006, Alex and his family operated two dojos in Prescott and Prescott Valley. He co-owns Ronin Handiworx LLC and teaches daily at the Shinpu-Ren Family Karate School in Prescott Valley. Alex has also taught for organizations like the Yavapai Indian Tribe, Yavapai College, and Prescott Valley Parks and Recreation.

Shihan Alex has an impressive competition record, participating in tournaments with USA, USAMA, USKA, JKA, WKF, ASKA, and MARS circuits. He earned his first world champion title at age 10 and has since claimed 19 more world titles along with numerous national, state, and local championships. His achievements earned him induction into the USA Martial Arts Hall of Fame with a Lifetime Achievement Award in 2014 and recognition as the Leading Male Karate Master of the Year in 2015.

In 2017, Alex began professionally teaching Yoga, complementing his martial arts practice. He earned his Satya Yoga Instructor Certification in 2018 and introduced Vinyasa Flow and Hatha Foundations classes at his dojo in 2019.

Alex’s lifelong dream of running his own dojo has been realized. His passion lies in witnessing students overcome challenges, build friendships, and grow both physically and mentally. His dedication and skill inspire students, while their enthusiasm and perseverance fuel his ongoing commitment to martial arts.

"Watching the changes and challenges each student faces makes it all worthwhile. Their dedication, especially when overcoming struggles, inspires me. Seeing camaraderie develop among students who might never have connected outside the dojo is one of the most rewarding parts of teaching."

6th Degree Black Belt and Co-Leader of Shinpu-Ren Family Karate

Shihan Lori Morris, born in 1963 in Denver, Colorado, spent her early years excelling in ballet, tap, and gymnastics, securing first place in local gymnastics tournaments. At fourteen, she developed a passion for long-distance cycling, averaging 30 miles a day by sixteen. In her late teens, Lori moved to Arizona, where she cultivated a love for swimming and academic pursuits, studying religion, calligraphy, history, and medicine at multiple community colleges. In 2016, she became an ordained minister.

At twenty, Lori married Hanshi Gary Morris, and together they raised their family while running five businesses in Arizona. In 1998, Lori began her martial arts journey in Shinpu-Ren under Sensei Drake Sass in Wickenburg, AZ. Over three years, she built a strong competition record, consistently placing in the top three at tournaments and earning four world titles along with various state, regional, national, and international titles.

In 2001, when her instructor changed systems, Lori chose to remain dedicated to Shinpu-Ren, continuing her training under Hanshi Gary Morris and overseen by Hanshi John Kraemer. She actively assisted in the family dojo and, in 2003, co-founded a second dojo with her husband and son, Shihan Alex. Lori was promoted to black belt in 2004, earning her 2nd Dan in 2006 from Hanshi Vance Steele and Hanshi John Kraemer, and her 6th Dan in 2021.

Lori expanded her teaching with specialized programs like Cardio Kickboxing (2003), Mighty Mights for young children (2004), and Get K.I.S.S.D. Women's Self-Defense Courses (2012). Her contributions were recognized with her induction into the U.S.A. Martial Arts Hall of Fame in 2015. Lori continues to teach and train in the family dojo, finding martial arts one of the most gratifying pursuits of her life.

"Our students inspire me in every class to strive to be a better teacher and student. Special needs students have especially taught me to think outside the box and expand how we teach, ensuring I never miss a lesson in life."